美国疾病控制与预防中心估计，截至2018年，有21万名20岁以下的儿童和青少年患有糖尿病;其中约23000人患有2型糖尿病。患有2型糖尿病的年轻人，其相关慢性共病的患病率增加，包括高血压、血脂异常和非酒精性脂肪肝。

18岁以下的儿童和青少年，无已知糖尿病或前驱糖尿病或糖尿病或前驱糖尿病症状。USPSTF的结论是，证据不足以评估儿童和青少年2型糖尿病筛查的利弊平衡。目前缺乏证据证明2型糖尿病筛查、早期发现和治疗对青年健康结果的影响，也无法确定益处和危害的平衡。

USPSTF的结论是，目前的证据不足以评估儿童和青少年2型糖尿病筛查的利与弊的平衡。

Abstract

Importance: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 210 000 children and adolescents younger than 20 years had diabetes as of 2018; of these, approximately 23 000 had type 2 diabetes. Youth with type 2 diabetes have an increased prevalence of associated chronic comorbid conditions, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Data indicate that the incidence of type 2 diabetes is rising; from 2002-2003 to 2014-2015, incidence increased from 9.0 cases per 100 000 children and adolescents to 13.8 cases per 100 000 children and adolescents.

Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a review of the evidence on screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic, nonpregnant persons younger than 18 years. This is a new recommendation.

Population: Children and adolescents younger than 18 years without known diabetes or prediabetes or symptoms of diabetes or prediabetes.

Evidence assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. There is a lack of evidence on the effect of screening for, and early detection and treatment of, type 2 diabetes on health outcomes in youth, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined.

Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. (I statement).

文章连接：

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2796244?resultClick=1

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